It is called Aupanishadika, secret love, extraneous stimulation and sexual power. Truly, if one heeds the wisdom enshrined in the Kamasutra, we can see that the sage Vatsyayana showed an immense grasp of the relationship on ida and pingala, the inner man and woman in every human being.
This is the underlying basis of the Tantric principles, and is the foundation of Tantra — to unite the division within, so as to experience union or yoga with the divine.
Sanskrit literature is replete with examples of this union described. Indeed, every activity was an opportunity to move forward in the path to moksha or mukti, the ulimate liberation which was one of the most significantly, and in fact, the ultimate goal in Hinduism.
Spirituality and pleasure were not different in the Hindu way of life. They were just two sides of the same coin. Comparing this with the dryness of Western literature and its seemingly antiseptic view when it comes to human sexual behaviour, we see an astonishingly liberated and enlightened view in the East towards sexual desire. Lance Dane, who wrote one of the finest commentaries on the Kamasutra by a Westerner, has much to say about this fact.
The unabashed directness of his confrontation of sexual relations, the subtleties of his perceptions of feeling, mood and emotion, the delicacy of the nuances of love rendered by a mind, freed from all fears, inhibitions and awkwardnesses of the accepting routine society, have rarely been seen in any civilization.
It is almost as if this sage shared the new kind of perception of the poetry of imperceptible feelings, which the Gupta bards were to bring to their creations along with their awareness of the life of action and conflict and stress on the earth, in the here and the now, in the flesh and the blood, in the search for harmony.
The strange thing is, we feel no shock, when we are ushered from the overtly non-sexual context of our daily lives into the very heart of the privacies of sex. There is no tittering reaction. There is hardly any trace of the boring soul-less life of the brothel. In this view, Dane does not differ from prior translators of the Vatsyayana Kamasutra, including Forster Fitzgerald Arbuthnot and his collaboration with the nineteenth century Richard Francis Burton.
Jayamangala of Yashodhara, the 13th century commentator of the text was also a well-known authority, however his works are more oriented towards the society of that time. Dane stands out from these translations however, in providing a historic context to understanding the text, and compares it to traditions in other parts of the world. Why are these unions, recommended by Vatsyayana, different from the kind of furtive connection which takes place from complete ignorance of the feelings of each other, and from the denial of the body-souls, by those who are ashamed of the dream tryst?
But the image is more abstract than concrete. In the early Empires of the Hittites, Babylonians and the Pharaohs, in the cults presided over by the God-King, the ritual confined the freedom of human beings to express themselves, by worship of sex on the altars of the temple.
But, beyond the shrines, the people resorted to secret practices, evolving sub myths for their inexpressible desires, in the spontaneous liberation of their body-souls. In our Indian civilization, the Mother Goddess began, more and more, to be personified as yoni, as we see it in the figurines of Ahichchatra, Kausambi, Nevasa, Bhita, Pataliputra and before long, she appears with her mate, as in the human couples in love of the Mauryan and Sunga terracottas.
The exuberant poetry of the Rigveda, seems to have familiarised the myth of creation of the world. In the Upanishads the imagery was more concrete. The mating of man and woman became holy sacrifice: The woman is the fire, her womb the fuel, the invitation to man the smoke, the door is the flame, entering the embrace, pleasure the spark. In this fire the Gods form the offering, From this offering springs forth the child.
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. In the two great epics of India, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which recreate the desire images of what men and women ought to be, we see the spontaneous urges of the people for free love, and the worship of sex symbols, as the sources of fulfilment, transformed into a prescribed ritual as part of the Hindu Dharmic order.
These habitual repetitions had for centuries made the Slokas, verses, more and more rigid. The caste order imposed on the Dasyus had ironed out the variety of ways of life. The high-bred fictions of super-consciousness led to Mount Kailash in the mists. Below, the Dasyus worshipped the Mother Goddess in secret. She came to be called Lajja Gauri, Shy Woman, with her head cut off, replaced by a garland of leaves, creepers and red oxide of mercury on her pudenda and breasts, and she was prayed to for children in forest shrines, away from the vigilance of the high priests.
The Kamasutra was probably first put into writing in the third century before Christ, during the Mauryan Period. At this time, some of the great sages seem to have taken an interest in love and sexuality, integral aspects of family life. Vatsyayana obviously did not write the Kamasutra himself.
Love-making was alive and well in India long before him. But he did amalgamate many different texts into one corpus. Vatsyayana himself clearly states this in the very first chapter of the book: Salutation to Dharma, Artha and Kama. In the beginning, the Lord of Beings created men and women, and in the form of commandments in one hundred thousand chapters laid down rules for regulating their existence with regard to Dharma, Artha, and Kama.
Some of these commandments, namely those which treated of Dharma, were separately written by Swayambhu Manu; those that related to Artha were compiled by Brihaspati; and those that referred to Kama were expounded by Nandikeshvara, the follower of Mahadeva, in one thousand chapters.
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The teachings of the Yoga Sutras are important because the verses give the reason why we are practicing yoga. Seine klare Sprache und anschaulichen Beispiele machen die Aussagen des Yogasutra lebendig und gut nachvollziehbar und lassen R.
In this book, Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, a master of yoga for the 21st century, offers his own commentary on this fundamental work. Mind is the highest form of matter and man freed from this dragnet of Chitta or Ahankara mind or ego becomes a pure being. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar. A guide to the practice, the state and the experience of Yoga, it leads the practitioner toward uncovering their own true nature while continuing their self-realization. The present book is an attempt of interpretation of the Yogasutras based on some special criteria adopted by the authros: 1 To use the traditional commentaries as auxiliaries, not as guides, with prudence and freedom, 2 To interpret those Sutras, in which Patanjali analyzes real phenomena, as what they actually are: descriptions of facts of experience.
To such an end the authors have tried to have a clear idea of the phenomena to which Patanjali refers, and in this task they have found extremely useful the descriptions of their mystical experiences by Yogis of India and Christian mystics. Andal Ashtothara Shata Namavali. Ashtothram for the Nine Planets.
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